Journal articles

Li, C., Le, Q., Kimura, J. O., Zhao, B., Li, Y., Zhao, J., Bifano, T., Weissbourd, B., Ngo, J. T. & Mertz, J. Superresolution imaging of live samples by centroid reassignment microscopy. Nature Methods (accepted, 2026). Preprint: bioRxiv. DOI

Hu, R., Varela, C. E., Karakan, M. Ç., Sanchez, F., Wolking, B., Chen, C. S. & Bifano, T. G. A biophysical platform for electromechanical stimulation of engineered cardiac tissues. bioRxiv (2026). DOI

Yang, Z., Li, M., Xie, X., Chen, A., Bifano, T. G. & Zhang, X. Physics-aware machine-learning-driven inverse design of broadband ultra-open acoustic metamaterials. Advanced Science 13, e76894 (2026). DOI

Liu, X., Yi, A., Bifano, T. & Wu, Y. Editorial: Advanced fabrication techniques for high-precision optical components. Advanced Optical Technologies 15 (2026). DOI

Man, W. & Bifano, T. Electromagnetic deformable mirror fabricated using silicon micromachining and stress-resilient assembly. Advanced Optical Technologies 14 (2025). PDFDOI

Ewoldt, J. K., DePalma, S. J., Jewett, M. E., Karakan, M. Ç., Lin, Y.-M., Mir Hashemian, P., Gao, X., Lou, L., McLellan, M. A., Tabares, J., Ma, M., Salazar Coariti, A. C., He, J., Toussaint, K. C., Bifano, T. G., Ramaswamy, S., White, A. E., Agarwal, A., Lejeune, E., Baker, B. M. & Chen, C. S. Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte in vitro models: benchmarking progress and ongoing challenges. Nature Methods 22, 24–40 (2024). PDFDOI

Lou, L., Bacca, N., Ma, M. S., Nautiyal, P., Bifano, T. G. & Agarwal, A. Multiscale mechanics of polydimethylsiloxane: A comparison of meso- and micro-cyclic deformation behavior. Journal of Applied Polymer Science 141, e55546 (2024). PDFDOI

Wu, K., Zhu, X., Bifano, T. G., Anderson, S. W. & Zhang, X. Computational-Design Enabled Wearable and Tunable Metamaterials via Freeform Auxetics for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (Adv. Sci. 26/2024). Advanced Science 11, 2470152 (2024). PDFDOI

Man, W. & Bifano, T. G. A design approach to reducing stress and distortion caused by adhesive assembly in micromachined deformable mirrors. Micromachines 14, 740 (2023). PDFDOI

Ma, M. S., Sundaram, S., Lou, L., Agarwal, A., Chen, C. S. & Bifano, T. G. High throughput screening system for engineered cardiac tissues. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology 11 (2023). PDFDOI

Li, H., Sundaram, S., Hu, R., Lou, L., Sanchez, F., McDonald, W., Agarwal, A., Chen, C. S. & Bifano, T. G. Dynamic Control of Contractile Force in Engineered Heart Tissue. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 70, 2237–2245 (2023). PDFDOI

Haber, A. & Bifano, T. Dual-update data-driven control of deformable mirrors using Walsh basis functions. Journal of the Optical Society of America A 39, 459–469 (2022). PDFDOI

Wu, K., Zhao, X., Bifano, T. G., Anderson, S. W. & Zhang, X. Auxetics-Inspired Tunable Metamaterials for Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Advanced Materials 34, 2109032 (2022). PDFDOI

Sinefeld, D., Xia, F., Wang, M., Wang, T., Wu, C., Yang, X., Paudel, H. P., Ouzounov, D. G., Bifano, T. G. & Xu, C. Three-Photon Adaptive Optics for Mouse Brain Imaging. Frontiers in Neuroscience 16, 880859 (2022). PDFDOI

Rodríguez, C., Chen, A., Rivera, J. A., Mohr, M. A., Liang, Y., Natan, R. G., Sun, W., Milkie, D. E., Bifano, T. G., Chen, X. & Ji, N. An adaptive optics module for deep tissue multiphoton imaging in vivo. Nature Methods 18, 1259–1264 (2021). PDFDOI

Haber, A. & Bifano, T. General approach to precise deformable mirror control. Optics Express 29, 33741–33759 (2021). PDFDOI

Chen, C., Huang, Y., Wu, K., Bifano, T. G., Anderson, S. W., Zhao, X. & Zhang, X. Polarization insensitive, metamaterial absorber-enhanced long-wave infrared detector. Optics Express 28, 28843–28857 (2020). PDFDOI

Zhao, X., Wu, K., Chen, C., Bifano, T. G., Anderson, S. W. & Zhang, X. Nonreciprocal Magnetic Coupling Using Nonlinear Meta-Atoms. Advanced Science 7, 2001443 (2020). PDFDOI

Lin, P., Ni, H., Li, H., Vickers, N. A., Tan, Y., Gong, R., Bifano, T. & Cheng, J.-X. Volumetric chemical imaging in vivo by a remote-focusing stimulated Raman scattering microscope. Optics Express 28, 30210–30221 (2020). PDFDOI

Beaulieu, D. R., Davison, I. G., Kılıç, K., Bifano, T. G. & Mertz, J. Simultaneous multiplane imaging with reverberation two-photon microscopy. Nature Methods 17, 283–286 (2020). PDFDOI

Pollock, C., Barrett, L. K., del Corro, P. G., Stange, A., Bifano, T. G. & Bishop, D. J. PWM as a Low Cost Method for the Analog Control of MEMS Devices. Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems 28, 245–253 (2019). PDFDOI

Shain, W. J., Vickers, N. A., Li, J., Han, X., Bifano, T. & Mertz, J. Axial localization with modulated-illumination extended-depth-of-field microscopy. Biomedical Optics Express 9, 1771–1782 (2018). PDFDOI

Ba, C., Shain, W. J., Bifano, T. G. & Mertz, J. High-throughput label-free flow cytometry based on matched-filter compressive imaging. Biomedical Optics Express 9, 6145–6153 (2018). PDFDOI

Shain, W. J., Vickers, N. A., Negash, A., Bifano, T., Sentenac, A. & Mertz, J. Dual fluorescence-absorption deconvolution applied to extended-depth-of-field microscopy. Optics Letters 42, 4183–4186 (2017). PDFDOI

Shain, W. J., Vickers, N. A., Goldberg, B. B., Bifano, T. & Mertz, J. Extended depth-of-field microscopy with a high-speed deformable mirror. Optics Letters 42, 995–998 (2017). PDFDOI

Li, J., Bifano, T. G. & Mertz, J. Widefield fluorescence microscopy with sensor-based conjugate adaptive optics using oblique back illumination. Journal of Biomedical Optics 21 (2016). PDFDOI

Imboden, M., Chang, J., Pollock, C., Lowell, E., Akbulut, M., Morrison, J., Stark, T., Bifano, T. G. & Bishop, D. J. High-Speed Control of Electromechanical Transduction: Advanced Drive Techniques for Optimized Step-and-Settle Response of MEMS Micromirrors. IEEE Control Systems 36, 48–76 (2016). PDFDOI

Sinefeld, D., Paudel, H. P., Ouzounov, D. G., Bifano, T. G. & Xu, C. Adaptive optics in multiphoton microscopy: comparison of two, three and four photon fluorescence. Optics Express 23, 31472–31483 (2015). PDFDOI

Paudel, H. P., Taranto, J., Mertz, J. & Bifano, T. Axial range of conjugate adaptive optics in two-photon microscopy. Optics Express 23, 20849–20857 (2015). PDFDOI

Mertz, J., Paudel, H. & Bifano, T. G. Field of view advantage of conjugate adaptive optics in microscopy applications. Applied Optics 54, 3498–3506 (2015). PDFDOI

Li, J., Beaulieu, D. R., Paudel, H., Barankov, R., Bifano, T. G. & Mertz, J. Conjugate adaptive optics in widefield microscopy with an extended-source wavefront sensor. Optica 2, 682–688 (2015). PDFDOI

Vigil, K., Lu, Y., Yurt, A., Abanoz Cilingiroglu, T., Bifano, T., Ünlü, M. S. & Goldberg, B. Integrated Circuit Super-Resolution Failure Analysis with Solid Immersion Lenses. Electronic Device Failure Analysis 16, 26–32 (2014). PDFDOI

Lu, Y., Bifano, T., Ünlü, M. S. & Goldberg, B. Aberration compensation in aplanatic solid immersion lens microscopy. Optics Express 21, 28189–28197 (2013). PDFDOI

Paudel, H. P., Stockbridge, C., Mertz, J. & Bifano, T. Focusing polychromatic light through strongly scattering media. Optics Express 21, 17299–17308 (2013). PDFDOI

Stockbridge, C., Lu, Y., Moore, J., Hoffman, S., Paxman, R., Toussaint, K. & Bifano, T. Focusing through dynamic scattering media. Optics Express 20, 15086–15092 (2012). PDFDOI

Tripathi, S., Paxman, R., Bifano, T. & Toussaint, K. C. Vector transmission matrix for the polarization behavior of light propagation in highly scattering media. Optics Express 20, 16067–16076 (2012). PDFDOI

Lu, Y., Stockbridge, C. R., Hoffman, S. M. & Bifano, T. G. Variable zoom system with aberration correction capability. Journal of Modern Optics 59, 1049–1055 (2012). PDFDOI

Goldberg, B. B., Yurt, A., Lu, Y., Ramsay, E., Koklu, F. H., Mertz, J., Bifano, T. G. & Ünlü, M. S. Chromatic and spherical aberration correction for silicon aplanatic solid immersion lens for fault isolation and photon emission microscopy of integrated circuits. Microelectronics Reliability 51, 1637–1639 (2011). PDFDOI

Bifano, T. Adaptive imaging: MEMS deformable mirrors. Nature Photonics 5, 21–23 (2011). PDFDOI

Diouf, A., Stewart, J. B., Cornelissen, S. A. & Bifano, T. G. Development of Through-Wafer Interconnects for MEMS Deformable Mirrors. International Journal of Optomechatronics 4, 237–245 (2010). PDFDOI

Vogel, C., Tyler, G., Lu, Y., Bifano, T., Conan, R. & Blain, C. Modeling and parameter estimation for point-actuated continuous-facesheet deformable mirrors. Journal of the Optical Society of America A 27, A56–A63 (2010). PDFDOI

Diouf, A., Legendre, A. P., Stewart, J. B., Bifano, T. G. & Lu, Y. Open-loop shape control for continuous microelectromechanical system deformable mirror. Applied Optics 49, G148–G154 (2010). PDFDOI

Cornelissen, S. A., Bierden, P. A., Bifano, T. G. & Lam, C. V. 4096-element continuous face-sheet MEMS deformable mirror for high-contrast imaging. Journal of Micro/Nanolithography, MEMS, and MOEMS 8 (2009). PDFDOI

Diouf, A., Reimann, G. & Bifano, T. Fabrication of implantable microshunt using a novel channel sealing technique. Journal of Micro/Nanolithography, MEMS, and MOEMS 7 (2008). PDFDOI

Stewart, J. B., Diouf, A., Zhou, Y. & Bifano, T. G. Open-loop control of a MEMS deformable mirror for large-amplitude wavefront control. Journal of the Optical Society of America A 24, 3827–3833 (2007). PDFDOI

Stewart, J. B., Bifano, T. G., Cornelissen, S., Bierden, P., Levine, B. M. & Cook, T. Design and development of a 331-segment tip–tilt–piston mirror array for space-based adaptive optics. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical 138, 230–238 (2007). PDFDOI

Biss, D. P., Sumorok, D., Burns, S. A., Webb, R. H., Zhou, Y., Bifano, T. G., Cote, D., Veilleux, I., Zamiri, P. & Lin, C. P. In vivo fluorescent imaging of the mouse retina using adaptive optics. Optics Letters 32, 659–661 (2007). PDFDOI

Chen, F. Y., Cohen, H. I., Bifano, T. G., Castle, J., Fortin, J., Kapusta, C., Mountain, D. C., Zosuls, A. & Hubbard, A. E. A hydromechanical biomimetic cochlea: Experiments and models. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 119, 394–405 (2006). PDFDOI

Miller, M., Perrault, J., Parker, G., Bettig, B. & Bifano, T. Simple models for piston-type micromirror behavior. Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering 16, 303–313 (2006). PDFDOI

Santiago, L. P. & Bifano, T. G. Management of R&D projects under uncertainty: A multidimensional approach to managerial flexibility. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management 52, 269–280 (2005). PDFDOI

Collier, J., Wroblewski, D. & Bifano, T. Development of a rapid-response flow-control system using MEMS microvalve arrays. Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems 13, 912–922 (2004). PDFDOI

Webb, R., Albanese, M., Zhou, Y., Bifano, T. & Burns, S. Stroke amplifier for deformable mirrors. Applied Optics 43, 5330–5333 (2004). PDFDOI

Lee, H., Miller, M. & Bifano, T. CMOS chip planarization by chemical mechanical polishing for a vertically stacked metal MEMS integration. Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering 14, 108–115 (2004). PDFDOI

Perreault, J. A., Bifano, T. G., Levine, B. M. & Horenstein, M. N. Adaptive optic correction using microelectromechanical deformable mirrors. Optical Engineering 41, 561–566 (2002). PDFDOI

Bifano, T. G., Johnson, H. T., Bierden, P. & Mali, R. K. Elimination of stress-induced curvature in thin-film structures. Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems 11, 592–597 (2002). PDFDOI

Horenstein, M. N., Pappas, S., Fishov, A. & Bifano, T. G. Electrostatic micromirrors for subaperturing in an adaptive optics system. Journal of Electrostatics 54, 321–332 (2002). PDFDOI

Weyrauch, T., Vorontsov, M. A., Bifano, T. G., Hammer, J. A., Cohen, M. & Cauwenberghs, G. Microscale adaptive optics: wave-front control with a μ-mirror array and a VLSI stochastic gradient descent controller. Applied Optics 40, 4243–4253 (2001). PDFDOI

Shanbhag, P., Feinberg, M., Sandri, G., Horenstein, M. & Bifano, T. Ion-beam machining of millimeter scale optics. Applied Optics 39, 599–611 (2000). PDFDOI

Horenstein, M. N., Perreault, J. A. & Bifano, T. G. Differential capacitive position sensor for planar MEMS structures with vertical motion. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical 80, 53–61 (2000). PDFDOI

Mali, R. K., Bifano, T. & Koester, D. A design-based approach to planarization in multilayer surface micromachining. Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering 9, 294–299 (1999). PDFDOI

Horenstein, M., Bifano, T., Pappas, S., Perreault, J. & Krishnamoorthy-Mali, R. Real time optical correction using electrostatically actuated MEMS devices. Journal of Electrostatics 46, 91–101 (1999). PDFDOI

Bifano, T. G., Perreault, J., Mali, R. K. & Horenstein, M. N. Microelectromechanical deformable mirrors. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics 5, 83–89 (1999). PDFDOI

Bifano, T., Krishnamoorthy, R., Fawcett, H. & Welch, E. Fixed-Load Electrolytic Dressing With Bronze Bonded Grinding Wheels. Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 121, 20–27 (1999). PDFDOI

Vandelli, N., Wroblewski, D., Velonis, M. & Bifano, T. Development of a MEMS microvalve array for fluid flow control. Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems 7, 395–403 (1998). PDFDOI

Bifano, T. G., Mali, R. K., Dorton, J. K., Perreault, J., Vandelli, N., Horenstein, M. N. & Castanon, D. A. Continuous-membrane surface-micromachined silicon deformable mirror. Optical Engineering 36, 1354–1360 (1997). PDFDOI

Bifano, T. G., Fawcett, H. E. & Bierden, P. A. Precision manufacture of optical disc master stampers. Precision Engineering 20, 53–62 (1997). PDFDOI

Bifano, T. G. & Bierden, P. A. Fixed-abrasive grinding of brittle hard-disk substrates. International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture 37, 935–946 (1997). PDFDOI

Horenstein, M. N., Bifano, T. G., Mali, R. K. & Vandelli, N. Electrostatic effects in micromachined actuators for adaptive optics. Journal of Electrostatics 42, 69–81 (1997). PDFDOI

Mali, R. K., Bifano, T. G., Vandelli, N. & Horenstein, M. N. Development of microelectromechanical deformable mirrors for phase modulation of light. Optical Engineering 36, 542–548 (1997). PDFDOI

Scagnetti, P. A., Nagem, R. J., Sandri, G. V. H. & Bifano, T. G. Stress and Strain Analysis in Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Solids. Journal of Applied Mechanics 63, 450–452 (1996). PDFDOI

Drueding, T. W., Bifano, T. G. & Fawcett, S. C. Contouring Algorithm for Ion Figuring. Precision Engineering 17, 10–21 (1995). PDFDOI

Drueding, T. W., Fawcett, S. C., Wilson, S. R. & Bifano, T. G. Ion beam figuring of small optical components. Optical Engineering 34, 3565–3571 (1995). PDFDOI

Bifano, T., Yi, Y. & Kahl, W. K. Fixed Abrasive Grinding of CVD SiC Mirrors. Precision Engineering 16, 109–116 (1994). PDFDOI

Fawcett, S. C., Drueding, T. W. & Bifano, T. G. Neutral Ion Figuring of Chemical-Vapor-Deposited SiC. Optical Engineering 33, 967–974 (1994). PDFDOI

Bifano, T. G., Annear, R. & Golini, D. Chemomechanical Effects in Ductile-Regime Machining of Glass. Principles of Cutting Mechanics: Applications to Ultra-Precision Machining and Grinding, 71–78 (1993). PDFDOI

Bifano, T. G. & Hosler, J. B. Precision Grinding of Ultra-Thin Quartz Wafers. Journal of Engineering for Industry 115, 258–262 (1993). PDFDOI

Bifano, T. G. & Yi, Y. Acoustic emission as an indicator of material-removal regime in glass micro-machining. Precision Engineering 14, 219–228 (1992). PDFDOI

Scattergood, R. O., Srinivasan, S., Bifano, T. G. & Dow, T. A. Effetti di curva-R nella rettifica ed usura dei ceramici (R-curve effects for machining and wear of ceramics). Ceramica Acta 3, 53–64 (1991). PDF

Bifano, T. G. & Fawcett, S. C. Specific Grinding Energy as an In-Process Control Variable for Ductile-Regime Grinding. Precision Engineering 13, 256–262 (1991). PDFDOI

Bifano, T. G., Dow, T. A. & Scattergood, R. O. Ductile-Regime Grinding: A New Technology for Machining Brittle Materials. Journal of Engineering for Industry 113, 184–189 (1991). PDFDOI

Blake, P., Bifano, T., Dow, T. & Scattergood, R. O. Precision Machining of Ceramic Materials. American Ceramic Society Bulletin 67, 1038 (1988). PDF

Bifano, T. G. & Dow, T. A. Real-Time Control of Spindle Runout. Optical Engineering 24, 888–892 (1985). PDFDOI